Victor Hugo

77 years ago today, Missak Manouchian and twenty-one comrades were shot at Fort Mont-Valérien, on the outskirts of Paris. Missak Manouchian (1906-1944) survived one genocide and then gave his life fighting to stop another.

Victor Hugo didn’t just write about revolutionary struggles – he fought them.

Around this time of year back in 1871, Parisians were getting ready to vote. These weren’t normal elections. They were voting in a ne w, revolutionary body: . You're going to need some background.